Risk Levels in Corporate Debt

Subsequent to the 2008 financial crisis the global economic recovery has been one of the longest in recent history – in part due to the depth of the downturn and (by historical standards) the low growth seen in the recovery phase. The economic cycle is now seen...

Assessing Physical Risk of Green Bonds

Affirmative Investment Management partnered with South Pole to produce this case study, Assessing Physical Risks of Green Bonds, as part of our continued commitment to pioneering best practice in green bond verification, impact measurement and reporting. This physical...

Launching the Carbon Yield Methodology

Estimating the impact of green investment in terms of greenhouse gases emissions avoided is important in the effort to curb climate change. In accordance with the 2016 UN COP 21 Paris Agreement ratified by 139 countries[1] to keep global warming to below 2oC we must...